Quebec Tercentenary

The stamps from my album pictured here (catalogue values of $7) is part of a series of eight stamps (catalogue numbers 96-103) that I plan to post separately. These are the first really interesting set of commemorative stamps that Canada issued, and are very valuable, at least in mint condition. 


These stamps are referred to as the "Quebec Tecentenary" issue (the 300th anniversary of Quebec). In French, that translates as "IIIe centenaire de Quebec": I say, translates, because the whole idea for the celebration was an English one. The Governor General at the time, an Englishman named Earl Grey, decided that a celebration of Quebec would help bring the nation together. Prime Minister Laurier was always interested in encouraging compromise between English and French and was convinced to give his support to the idea.


The first stamp in the series is of the Prince and Princess of Wales (future King George V and his wife). Why are they on the first stamp to celebrate the 300th birthday of Quebec? Well, because they were making a Royal visit to Canada at the time and the celebration was programmed around their schedule. 


Of course, everyone in Quebec loved this... the British monarchy being the main attraction at a supposed celebration of Quebec. Probably wouldn't have happened if Quebec planned it... Do you think this succeeded in promoting national unity?

Casualties of National Policy

SIR JOHN: (les pieds sure les Métis et le drapeau français): Allons, messieurs les sauvages, Voue êtes rendus au bout de mon territoire. Vous allez sauter dans l'eau du Pacifique ou travailler avec le reste des colons. Choississez.

Looking at what happened to the Métis and First Nations people in the settlement of Canada is not simply an exercise in historical revisionism. Not simply putting our current values and expectations and sense of justice on people of the past and blowing things out of proportion. Obviously someone (at the very least the author of this cartoon) realized that some injustice was transpiring in 1885.

The people of Québec sympathized with the Métis, as people who shared a common language and religion. (religion was likely the stronger of the two binds) The cartoon seems to indicate that the Métis got a worse shake than First Nations. They were trampled on, while the First Nations were simply displaced. But then asks the question of how far they can continue to be displaced before they are also eliminated...

Looking at political cartoons is valuable exercise in class. It allows you to discuss
- caricature and stereotype (in this case, John A MacDonald's nose)
- inferencing (in this case, the French flag and CPR in background)
- political events (in this case, National Policy)
- authorship and bias (this one was published in Québec)
- what people were thinking at the time (some people realized injustice was occurring at some level)
- French review (I get to practice my French accent)
etc.

Many of the cartoons that I use in class were taken from this book by Charles Hou (former Socials 10 teacher in BC):

Great Canadian political cartoons, 1820 to 1914

Jacques Cartier

Continuing my series on Canadian postage stamps, the next image that Canada recognized (after the Beaver, Prince Albert, and Queen Victoria) was Jacques Cartier. Probably a good choice, since he was the one that named this region "Canada". This particular stamp pictured above has a catalogue value of $332.35.

The word "kanata" was the Iroquois word for "village", but Cartier believed it referred to the entire region and thus the name of our country was born. Of course, for awhile it was dubbed "New France" as Samuel de Champlain and others brought settlers from France. But the name "Canada" stuck once Britain gained sovereignty.

I find that most high school students know all about New France, but don't really understand why they learned about it or what it means. They have a paradigm of "Canada as an English country with a French problem in Quebec"that is not easily challenged.

However, from Jacques Cartier to the Plains of Abraham the region now called "Canada" was French. French-Canadiens are the original Canadians who named and defined the region.